Satellite-derived mineral mapping and monitoring of weathering, deposition and erosion
نویسندگان
چکیده
The Earth's surface comprises minerals diagnostic of weathering, deposition and erosion. The first continental-scale mineral maps generated from an imaging satellite with spectral bands designed to measure clays, quartz and other minerals were released in 2012 for Australia. Here we show how these satellite mineral maps improve our understanding of weathering, erosional and depositional processes in the context of changing weather, climate and tectonics. The clay composition map shows how kaolinite has developed over tectonically stable continental crust in response to deep weathering during northwardly migrating tropical conditions from 45 to 10 Ma. The same clay composition map, in combination with one sensitive to water content, enables the discrimination of illite from montmorillonite clays that typically develop in large depositional environments over thin (sinking) continental crust such as the Lake Eyre Basin. Cutting across these clay patterns are sandy deserts that developed <10 Ma and are well mapped using another satellite product sensitive to the particle size of silicate minerals. This product can also be used to measure temporal gains/losses of surface clay caused by periodic wind erosion (dust) and rainfall inundation (flood) events. The accuracy and information content of these satellite mineral maps are validated using published data.
منابع مشابه
Mapping Erosion from Space
Water erosion creates negative impacts on agricultural production, infrastructure, and water quality across the world. Regional-scale water erosion assessment is important, but limited by data availability and quality. Satellite remote sensing can contribute through providing spatial data to such assessments. During the past 30 years many studies have been published that did this to a greater o...
متن کاملDevelopment of Spheroidal Weathering and Exfoliation (Onion- Skin Erosion) In Dioritic-Quartz Dioritic Massifs of Ghaleh Ganj-Kerman
The Ghaleh Ganj dioritic- quartz dioritic massifs, as a part of intrusive in the Makran zone show spheroidal weathering and exfoliation. This phenomenon is related to the development of micro-crack systems. Furthermore, various factors such as mechanical properties of rock-forming minerals, tectonic stresses, increasing volume during mineral weathering and earth surface temperature fluct...
متن کاملRecognizing the eroded areas using the surface albedo algorithm of Landsat 8 satellite imagery (case study of basin Jajrood)
Soil is one of the most important natural resources of any country. the erosion causes not only the depletion of the soil and the loss of the land, causing great and irreparable damages, but also with the deposition of materials in streams, reservoirs, ports, and reduced pool capacity. Therefore, it should not be underestimated. In this study, we identify and zoning of the erosion areas in the ...
متن کاملدگرسانی کانیها در دو بستر سنگی متفاوت و خاک حاصل از آنها در ناحیهی لاهیجان
Microscopical studies were carried out, in addition to physico-chemical and mineralogical analysis, in order to evaluate the effect of parent material and weathering on soil genesis in forest regions of Lahijan. Two representative soil pedons in mountain landform developed on granite and andesitic basalt located about 8 km southeast of Lahijan were selected and sampling were taken from each hor...
متن کاملEvaluation of Matched Filter method for wind erosion mapping Landsat 8 OLI Imagery, (Central and North West province of Khuzestan)
Successful target detection, especially if there is a similarity between the target and the background area, always is a noticeable issue in remote sensing studies. Because of the spectral behavior similarity to the other phenomena and spatial distribution of these units, the mapping of wind erosion units is difficult. Thus, this study attempts to detect the favorable areas by using matched fil...
متن کامل